Madhesh Province Civil Sub Er. 5th 2081/09/27

1. The point on which both foresight and backsights are taken is
   A. Change point
   B. First station point in the traverse
   C. Last station point in the traverse
   D. The point where the level is to be set

2. The difference between the most probable value of a quantity and its observed value is called:
   A. Weighted observation
   B. True error
   C. Conditional error
   D. Residual error

3. An instrument used to measure ground slopes is:
   A. Planimeter
   B. Clinometer
   C. Box Sextant
   D. Pantograph

4. If the forebearing of line AB is 35° and that of line BC is 15°, the included angle between the lines is:
   A. 20°
   B. 160°
   C. 230°
   D. 50°

5. Wind data represented graphically is called:
   A. Wind coverage
   B. Wind Rose
   C. Head-Wind
   D. Wind Chart

6. Runways are generally oriented in the direction of:
   A. Minimum ground slope
   B. Magnetic north
   C. Least wind
   D. Prevailing wind

7. A Gantt chart is primarily used for:
   A. Project scheduling
   B. Material scheduling
   C. Equipment scheduling
   D. Manning scheduling

8. In CPM scheduling, the critical path identifies:
   A. Longest-duration activities
   B. Shortest-duration activities
   C. Expensive activities
   D. Cheaper activities

9. The completion of an activity in CPM is called its:
   A. Head event
   B. Tail event
   C. Dual role event
   D. Lagging event

10. Bid security validity period typically extends:
    A. 30 days beyond bid validity
    B. Equal to bid validity
    C. 30 days less than bid validity
    D. None of the above

Note: Bid Security Validity is generally kept 30 more days than the bid validity period. Most people even professionals often get confused with bid validity and bid security validity.

11. Technical specifications cover:
    A. Scope, Material, Methods
    B. Scope, Material, Methods, Payment
    C. Scope Material Methods, Measurement Payment
    D. Scope Material Methods, Tests, Measurement, Payment

12. Damp Proof Course (DPC) quantities are measured in:
    A. Cubic meters (m³)
    B. Square meters (m²)
    C. Linear meters (m)
    D. Lump sum

13. Which is excluded in construction rate analysis?
    A. Material cost
    B. Labor cost
    C. Site safety measures
    D. Overhead cost

14. Contractor’s overhead provision in Nepal’s rate analysis norms is:
    A. 5%
    B. 10%
    C. 15%
    D. 20%

15. Camber requirement for gravel roads:
    A. 2%
    B. 3%
    C. 5%
    D. 6%

16. Legal axle load limit for pavements in Nepal:
    A. 9.2 tonnes
    B. 10.2 tonnes
    C. 11.2 tonnes
    D. 12.2 tonnes

17. Critical factor for vertical road alignment:
    A. Traffic volume
    B. Soil condition
    C. Gradient change
    D. Road width

18. Design speed for Class L roads in plain terrain (Nepal Road Standard 2027):
    A. 120 km/h
    B. 100 km/h
    C. 80 km/h
    D. 60 km/h

19. Drainage water intercepted by a canal can be disposed of using:
    A. Aqueduct and syphon aqueduct
    B. Aqueduct and super passage
    C. Super passage and canal syphon
    D. Level crossing

20. Head loss per unit length of creep is termed:
    A. Coefficient of creep
    B. Bligh’s coefficient
    C. Lane’s coefficient
    D. Percolation coefficient

21. Duty of water in irrigation refers to:
    A. Volume of water per hectare
    B. Area irrigated per unit volume of water
    C. Water depth in the soil
    D. Velocity of water in canals

22. The entire period from initial irrigation to final watering before harvest is called:
    A. Crop period
    B. Base period
    C. Delta for the crop
    D. Duty for the crop

23. Uniformity coefficient of sand is calculated as:
    A. D60/D10​
    B. D50/D10​
    C. D40/D10​
    D. D30/D10​

24. BOD in water supply stands for:
    A. Biochemical Oxygen Demand
    B. Biological Oxidation Depth
    C. Base Oxygen Density
    D. Bulk Oxygen Demand

25. Self-cleansing velocity in sewers is typically:
    A. <1 m/s
    B. 1–1.2 m/s
    C. 1.2–1.5 m/s
    D. 2 m/s

26. Tube wells primarily extract:
    A. Surface water
    B. Sub-surface water
    C. Runoff
    D. Potable water

27. A pile with an enlarged base is called:
    A. Vibropile
    B. Frankipile
    C. Under-reamed pile
    D. None

28. Temporary support for unsafe structures is termed:
    A. Shoring
    B. Scaffolding
    C. Underpinning
    D. Jacking

29. Test for fresh concrete workability:
    A. Compressive test
    B. Slump test
    C. Tensile test
    D. Ultrasonic test

30. Minimum thickness for single-coat plaster:
    A. 20 mm
    B. 16 mm
    C. 10 mm
    D. 6 mm

31. Parabolic stress-strain curve for concrete (as per IS code) applies up to a strain of:
    A. 0.0015
    B. 0.002
    C. 0.003
    D. 0.0035

32. A column is "long" if its effective length-to-lateral dimension ratio exceeds:
    A. 12
    B. 15
    C. 18
    D. 20

33. Reinforcement placement in a simply supported RC beam:
    A. At the neutral axis
    B. Below the neutral axis
    C. Above the neutral axis
    D. Anywhere

34. Depth of a 20m-span simply supported beam (IS code):
    A. 1.5 m
    B. 2.0 m
    C. 2.5 m
    D. 3.0 m

35. Air voids volume to solids volume ratio is:
    A. Void density
    B. Specific gravity
    C. Porosity
    D. Permeability

36. Factor of safety for retaining wall overturning:
    A. 1.5
    B. 2.0
    C. 3.0
    D. 4.0

37. Soil permeability is affected by:
    A. Grain size
    B. Void ratio
    C. Particle arrangement
    D. All of the above

38. Non-cohesive soil example:
    A. Silt
    B. Clay
    C. Both
    D. Sand

39. Constant flow rate in fluid dynamics is called:
    A. Steady flow
    B. Streamline flow
    C. Unsteady flow
    D. Turbulent flow

40. Froude number <1 in open channels indicates:
    A. Critical flow
    B. Turbulent flow
    C. Subcritical flow
    D. Transitional flow

41. Surface tension in fluids refers to:
    A. Viscosity
    B. Surface tensile resistance
    C. Adhesion
    D. Capillary action

42. Pressure in a horizontal pipe with increasing velocity:
    A. Increases
    B. Remains constant
    C. Decreases
    D. Variable

43. Indeterminate beam example:
    A. Simply supported
    B. Cantilever
    C. Both ends hinged
    D. One end hinged, one roller

44. SI unit of stress:
    A. Tonne
    B. Newton/m²
    C. Joule
    D. Watt

45. Working stress should be:
    A. Equal to ultimate stress
    B. Equal to yield stress
    C. Less than yield stress
    D. More than yield stress

46. Point of contra flexure in a beam occurs where:
    A. Bending moment is zero
    B. Shear force is zero
    C. Shear force is max
    D. Axial thrust is zero

47. Adding alumina to brick earth:
    A. Reduces shrinkage
    B. Enhances durability
    C. Prevents cracks
    D. Improves permeability

48. Acceptable moisture absorption for good stone:
    A. <1%
    B. <5%
    C. <10%
    D. <15%

49. Most common cement type:
    A. Quick-setting
    B. Ordinary Portland Cement
    C. Portland Pozzolana
    D. Low-heat

50. Minimum compressive strength for first-class bricks:
    A. 10 N/mm²
    B. 7.5 N/mm²
    C. 5.5 N/mm²
    D. 3.5 N/mm²